Synergistic effects refer to interactions between two or more factors, such as drugs or chemicals, that result in a combined effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. In research, synergistic effects are studied to understand how different substances or variables can work together to produce enhanced or unexpected outcomes. This area of research is important in fields such as pharmacology, toxicology, and environmental science, as it can help to predict and prevent harmful interactions between substances. By studying synergistic effects, researchers can also identify new potential treatments or combinations of treatments that could be more effective than individual interventions.